Muffler



Aug. 31, 1926-v R.` H. HAZELTINE MUFFLER Filed Nov. I11, 1920 Patented Aug. 31, 1926.

UNITED STATES BoBEa'r n. naznn'rmn,

or nominaux, FRANCE.

MUFFLEB.

' Application led November 411, 1920,`Seria1 No. 423,277, and in France June 29, 1920.

This invention relates to a muler for use with internal combustion engines and has for one of its objects the provision of an apparatus that will substantially leliminate the noise of the exhaust without causing harmful back pressure,.and will. deliver theexhaust gases to the atmosphere at substan- Figure 3 is a front view of one of the.-

batlle plates; and

Figure 4 is asectional view of the baille lplate taken on the irregularlline of i 3. eferring to the drawings, the embodiment is illustrated'in the 'form of a circular muler or shell 1 2 for receiving ex aust gases passing fromrovided with an opening an internal combustion engine, and with an i exit openin 3 for exhausting the gases into the atmosp ere ata pressure that approximates that of the atmosphere. The 1nterior t and to the exit of them of the muler is provided with baille lates andin this example they are shown as' combined in series or sets which .divide the muler into expansion chambers 4, V5 and 6 and rovidebetween themselves restricted cham rs 71and 8. Preferably, the expansion chambers are progressively decreased in .'size, as shown clearly 1n Figure 1. Extending from the front of the 'muler to the rearthereof is a pipe or tube 9 whichconducts a small 'amount of the exhaustgases at en ine pressure to the various ex ansion cham ers er. lPreferably,- these gases' under engine pressure are admitted to the expansion chambers through suitable nozzles such as ex an'ding nozzles 10, and operate .to increase 4t e speed of movement of the expanding gases. At the exit of the tube this small amount of gas under pressure expands'in issuing from the nozzle and functions to draw the expanded gases from the exit chamber', through the exhaust opening 3 thus tending to create a vac- 'uum in the exit chamber.

.The muler is of the usual cylindrical construction and preferably made up of sheet plates 11 and 12 with an outside covering 13 ing `together by suitable means such as rods 17 which, in addition, materiallyadd to the strength of the muiiler. The forward head 14 having the opening `2 formed therein is head end of the tube 9. The. rear, head of provided with spokes. 18 for. supporting the the tube is' preferably of thesame construction as the forward head and its spokes 19 support the other end of the tube 9.

The baiileplates may be formed of 'any suitable material 'and are preferably asseml' bled in series to provide the restricted chambers or compartments. A first plate 20 of a series has openingsv 21 therein for the passa' of the`4 gas from the. expansion cham ers to the restricted chamber and is provided with a suitable support or dividing 4stay here shown in the form of a boi:- 22 whlch contacts with an adjoining plate 23. A box 24 on p1-ate 23 contacts with` plate 20 to assist in holdin the baiile plates in proper position. These boxes may be of any desired size and shape and are ,preferably arranged to form staggered passage-ways. for the gases. If desired, openingsmay .be made in the boxes 22 and 24 to form additional paths of travelfor the gases. The movement of the gases through the restricted chambers allows the pressure thereof to become more uniform and therefore more easily expanded in the succeeding expansion Vchambers and more. easily assed through the followin -series of. ba e lates. The second set o baiile platesis, or example,

lland 12. Mounted onthe ends of the tube 9 are suitable directingplates' 27 which re. quire the gases to move in acircuitous pathes i l made up of three plates 25 with various dii as they pass to the first expansion chamber 4, and as they pass from the exit Achamber t5. The nozzle 2S, which is held in the rear end of the tube 9 is in this instance made larger than the nozzles which lead to the expansion'chambers and the expanding part 29 provides for the rapid expansion of the gases to create a draft rit-the exit chamber opening to draw the lgases therefrom and to exhaust them into the atmosphere at substantially atmospheric pressure.

Thesize of the muffler, the number of sets of baille plates and the number ol' openings therein, the size of the conducting tube 9, and 'the size of the nozzles are constructed to elliciently accommodate the volume of gases exhausted per minute trom the internal combustion engine, and are designed to withstand the pressure at which they enter the lmutller. The muffler may be other` than cylindrical in form and may have more than the three expansion chambers and more than the tivo sets of baille plates or'ning restricted chambers, but such changes may be made for the .purpose of accommodatingr various volumesof exhausted gases under various pressures and are considered as Within the scope of this invention which is outlined in the subjoined claims.

I claim:

l. A mutller comprising a shell, baille plates therein to form restricted and expansion chambers, and means in each expansion chamber to increase the speed of movement of the gases Without substantially increasing the pressure of the gases in said chambers.

2. A mulller comprising a shell, baille plates therein to form restricted and expansion chambers, Aand means in said expansion chambers to increase the speed of movement of the gases therein and to draw said gases from the preceding chamber.

3. A muler comprising a shell, plates therein to form expansion chambers and re-- strieted chambers, and means in the former to increase the speed of movement of the gases to compensate for the loss in speed therein.

4. In a muier for receiving gases from an internal combustion engine, a shell receiving exhaust gases directly from said engine, a tube concentric with said shell and supported thereby, said supporting means being so formed as to direct the gases from the engine in a circuitous path' in said shell, said tube also receiving exhaust gases directly from said engine and conducting said gases under substantially engine pressure to various points in said shell to increase the speed of movement of the gases through said shell to compensate for loss of speed due to expansion ot the gases in said shell, and means Within said tube and at the exit end thereof for retarding the passage of the gases out of said tube and for compelling rapid expansion of the gases as they exit from said tube.

5. A mulller for receiving gases from an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having a plurality of expansion chambers, a tube ot constant cross sectional area concentric with said cylinder, said cylinder and tube each receiving vexhaust gases directly from said engine, a nozzle Within said tube at the exit end thereof and so formed as to compel rapid expansion of the gases from said tube, and means on said tube for introducing exhaust gases from said tube into the expansion chambers at pressures higher than the pressure of the gases in said expansion chambers to increase the speed of movement of the gases in the cxpansion chambers.

(i. A mulller for receiving the gases from an internal combustion engine comprising a shell, baille plates therein forming restricted and expansion chambers, means for conducting some of the unexpanded gases directly to the expansion chambers and some directly to the exit end of said shell.

7. A mulller for receiving the gases from an internal combustion engine, comprising ashell, bathe plates` arranged transverse to the longitudinal axis of said shell and forming chambers, a tube extending through said mutller parallel to its longest axis for conducting part ol the gases from the engine' in unexpanded condition to some of said chambers and some directly to the exit opening of said muller, and a nozzle in said tube adjacent the exit opening of said mulller and so formed as to permit the rapid expansion of the gases passing therethrough whereby to exhaust said gases at substantially atmospheric pressure.

8. A mulller for receiving the gases from an internal combustion engine comprising a shell, baille plates therein forming restricted and expansion chambers, a tube for conducting some of the unexpanded gases to the expansion chambers and some to the exit opening, and nozzles in said tube entering said expansion chambers and atthe exit of said tube.

9. A mutller for receiving the gases from an internal combustion engine comprising a shell, baille plates therein forming restricted and expansion chambers, a tube for conducting some of the unexpanded gases to the expansion chambers and some to the exit opening, nozzles in said tube delivering into said expansion chambers and having openings of greater diameter' at their outlet ends than at their inlet ends.

l0. A mulller for receiving gases from an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, metal heads closing said cylinder and held together, a tube held in said heads concentric therewith, said tube and cylinder each receiving exhaust gases directly from said engine, a plurality of series of baille plates in said cylinder surrounding said tube ing said expansion chambers, and said tube having openin leading to said expansion chambers to a mit gases under pressure to increase the speed of movement of gases 1n 'said chambers.

11. A muller for receiving gases from an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder havinga plurality of expansion chambers, a tube of constant cross-sectional area positioned within said cylinder and concentric therewith, said cylinder and tube each receiving exhaust gases directly from said engine, means at the inner end of said tube for supporting the same within said cylinder and for directing the gases from the engine in a circuitous path in said expansion chambers, a nozzle within said tube atthe exit end thereof and so formed as to compel rapid expansion of the gases from said tube, and means on the said tube for introducing exhaust gases therefrom into the expansion chambers at pressures higher than the pressure of the gases in said expansion chambers to increase the speed of movement of the gases in the expansion chambers.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specication this 20th day of October 1920.

ROBERT H. HAZELTINE. 

